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Scoliosis back: signs, symptoms, causes, treatment and physiotherapy.

 


In scoliosis, the spine is curved sideways. Any part of the spine can have a curve, but most commonly upper and lower back regions of the spine are affected. Scoliosis is seen in growing child .i.e. 10 to 12 years, but any age can be affected by it. Usually, the treatment is not needed in mild scoliosis. The doctor suggests wearing braces and spinal fusion surgery if treatment is needed. We can not prevent occurring of scoliosis. 

Sings and symptoms of scoliosis:

  1. The back is seen with a visible curve. 
  2. Uneven appearance of shoulders, waist, or hips. 
  3. The bigger appearance of one shoulder blade. 
  4. The person will suffer from low back pain., stiffness, and numbness in the legs. 
  5. The individual with scoliosis tilt on one side. 
  6. In infants, one side of the chest will have a bulge. 
What are the causes of scoliosis?
The causes of the most common type of scoliosis are not known yet. Following are some causes of scoliosis:
  1. Osteoporosis: The bones are degenerated in osteoporosis and can lead to scoliosis.
  2. Unequal Leg Length: Scoliosis can happen if one leg is larger than the other leg. 
  3. Neuromuscular Disorder: In neuromuscular disorder, the nerves and muscles are affected. Some neuromuscular conditions which can lead to scoliosis are cerebral palsy, poliomyelitis, and muscular dystrophy. 
  4. Defect in genes: According to some researchers, one gene controls the development of scoliosis. 
  5. Congenital Scoliosis:  The chances of scoliosis are rare at birth and can occur when the growing fetus develops an abnormal spine. 
  6. Poor posture habits: Poor posture habits and some spinal injuries can produce curvature in the spine. 
  7. Carrying Backpacks: Carrying heavy backpacks, handbags, pouches, or satchels for a long period can develop the curve in a spine. 
Who is at risk of developing scoliosis?

Age of Adolescence: The symptoms start appearing in adolescence. 

Gender: Females have a high ratio of developing scoliosis as compared to men.

Hereditary: If a person in your family has scoliosis, then there are high chances to develop more cases in your family. 

How can we prevent occurring of scoliosis?

We can not prevent occurring of scoliosis as most cases are idiopathic. Because the exact cause of the curvature is not known, we can not design any preventative method.

What are the complications of scoliosis?

Scoliosis will make difficult life if not treated and that includes: 
  • Chronic back pain.
  • Can cause breathing problems due to the pressure of the ribcage against the lungs.
  • An individual becomes self-conscious about his or her appearance because of uneven hips, shoulders, and bulging ribs.
How to treat scoliosis?
If the curve is mild, then there is no need for treatment. Only regular checkups are performed by the doctor to see the worsening of curves. If the is severe, then the following treatment is needed:

Bracing: Bracing can stop the worsening of curves in kids. Remember it will not reverse scoliosis. It should be worn all the time which means 24 hours of the day. 

Spinal fusion surgery: The name indicated the fusion of spinal bone. In this surgery, the doctor place pieces of bones or the same substance between bones of the spine. The holding of bone is done in a place by hardware till the bone fuse. 

Physiotherapy of Scoliosis:

A mild form of scoliosis can be treated by physiotherapy with or without braces. The physiotherapy will help in :
  • Improving posture as well as breathing.
  • Reducing the pain.
  • Increasing strength and core stability.
  • Improving the movement patterns.
  One of the most useful methods done by physiotherapists in scoliosis is Schroth Method. In this method, a series of targeted exercises are performed to soften the spine into more natural alignment. These exercises will help in restoring the symmetry of muscles, stabilizing the spine, and building stronger posture. Along with that, these exercises will also teach proper breathing techniques and building posture awareness. 

Short Summary:
This article gives short and accurate knowledge of scoliosis. In this condition, the spine is curved sideways. Symptoms are the uneven appearance of the shoulder, waist, and hips. If not treated, will lead to consequences and that are breathing problem and chronic back pain. The treatment includes the use of bracing, surgery, and physiotherapy. 


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